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1.
Elicitor-induced hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:tyramine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase in plant cell suspension cultures 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Treatment of Nicotiana glutinosa L. cell suspension cultures with chitosan results in the co-induction of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, 4-eoumarate:CoA ligase, tyrosine decarboxylase and tyramine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase, all involved in the biosynthesis of hydroxycinnamoyltyramines. The highest enzyme activities were observed around 12 h after addition of 0.8 to 1 mg chitosan per g fresh weight of cells. No hydroxycinnamoyltyramines could be detected by TLC or HPLC of extracts made from non-treated or elicited cells. [14 C]-Tyramine was incorporated into insoluble polymeric material at a higher rate in elicitor-treated than in non-treated cells of N. glutinosa. Tyramine hydroxycinnamoyltransferase could be induced in suspension cultured cells of Eschscholtzia califortnca Cham, but not in cells of Phaseolus vulgaris L. or Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don by addition of a yeast elicitor to the growth medium. 相似文献
2.
The effect of water stress on the vacuole-extravacuole compartmentation of proline in potato cell suspension cultures 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Solute compartmentation in cells is an important component of metabolic regulation. There is only little information on how stress treatment of cells effects this component. Therefore, the effect of water stress [10% (w/v) PEG 6000] on the vacuolar-extravacuolar proline compartmentation was studied in a cell suspension culture of Svlanum tuberosum L, cv, HH258, In non-stressed cells 34% of the total cellular proline was located in the vacuole. After 20 h of water stress the proline pool of the cells was increased 4-6 fold and only t6% of it was found in the vacuole. A negative correlation between the total cellular proline content and its percentage in the vacuole was observed, irrespective of the culture method (stress or non-stress culture). The stress-induced changes in proline compartmentation are discussed. 相似文献
3.
Incorporation of one micromolar IAA in the assay system increased the rate of 14C methionine uptake by tomato cells in suspension and effectively differentiated the rates of uptake such that cells treated with pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium extracts could be easily distinguished in a rapid 3 h assay. 相似文献
4.
Quantitative observations on the population ecology of Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta,Tubificidae)
Cohorts of Branchiura sowerbyi were reared at different temperatures and initial population densities in order to obtain data suitable for the interpretation of population dynamics in field populations. Percent hatching from cocoons reaches its maximum at 25 °C and decreases towards lower and higher temperatures. Embryonic development time, TE, was measured and the relative threshold temperature, 10 °C, calculated by extrapolation. The degree day requirement for embryo development is 195 °C d. The time of first cocoon laying (Tgm) was observed and the ratio TE/Tgm was seen to fit with that of other tubificid species cultured so far. Embryo mortality is rather high, while worm mortality is low or very low. Fecundity increases from 15 to 20 °C but decreases at 25 °C. A mathematical model for the simulation of population densities with four size-stage compartments is suggested. It could be used for the optimization of worm uptake (simulated as stage specific mortality) in mass cultures reared for the production of Branchiura, to be used as food for fish fingerlings. 相似文献
5.
R. Zárate 《Plant cell reports》1999,18(5):418-423
Atropa baetica hairy root cultures were induced after infecting stem segments with Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain ATCC 15834. Accumulation of the tropane alkaloids atropine and scopolamine by hairy roots cultured in half- and full-strength
Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was high, although this was not growth associated. These alkaloids were also released into
both liquid media. Higher tropane alkaloids present both in hairy roots and liquid medium occurred in half MS medium, showing
a clear relationship between slow growth of cultures and higher product accumulation. The pH of both nutrient media varied
as culture progressed, and seemed to be associated with the release of scopolamine. GC-MS analyses showed the presence of
a new compound, namely tigloylpseudotropine; moreover, 3α-isobutyryloxytropane, formerly found only in plant leaf tissue,
was also identified in the hairy roots.
Received: 18 August 1997 / Revision received: 30 November 1997 / Accepted: 20 January 1998 相似文献
6.
7.
Amino acid limited growth of starter cultures in milk 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
8.
Cell division in cell suspension cultures can be completely blocked by the growth retardant tetcyclacis at a concentration of 10-4 mol l-1. In rice cells it has been demonstrated that the growth inhibition can be completely overcome by application of cholesterol independent of the duration of pretreatment with tetcyclacis. In suspension cultures of maize and soybean, too, the effect of tetcyclacis on cell division was neutralized by adding cholesterol. Other plant sterols, stigmasterol, campesterol and sitosterol were active in a decreasing order. Modifications in the cholesterol perhydro-cyclopentanophenanthrene-ring system indicate that the hydroxyl group at C-3 and the double bond between C-5 and C-6 in ring B are required for the activity. In contrast, gibberellic acid as well as ent-kaurenoic acid could not compensate retardant effects. Likewise, tetcyclasis did not change the level of gibberellins in rice cells as shown by radioimmunoassay. Thus, it is concluded that in cell suspension cultures sterols play a more important role in cell division than gibberellins.Abbreviation GAx
gibberelin Ax 相似文献
9.
The arabinosylation patterns of wall-bound hydroxyproline in Phaseolus vulgaris L. cell suspension cultures were determined by separating free hydroxyproline and hydroxyproline-arabinose oligomers over a Bio-Gel P-2 column. Total hydroxyproline accounted for about 3.3% of wall dry weight during all growth phases of batch-cultured bean cells. The chemical arabinosylation patterns of wall-bound hydroxyproline varied during the lag phase and early log phase of the culture. First, an increase in nonglycosylated hydroxyproline occurred accompanied by a corresponding decrease in hydroxyproline tetra-arabinoside. During the early log phase the reverse happened. In later stages of growth the chemical arabinosylation patterns remained constant. The radiochemical arabinosylation patterns were also determined, after pulselabeling the cultures with [14C]proline at various times during growth, to be able to distinguish recently incorporated hydroxyproline. The time course of the arabinosylation pattern of this fraction indicated that the initial changes in the chemical pattern were due to the temporary incorporation of less extensively glycosylated hydroxyproline-containing protein into the cell wall.Abbreviations Hyp
hydroxyproline
- HAn
hydroxyproline arabinoside
- with n
arabinosyl residues
- TFA
trifluoroacetic acid 相似文献
10.
Biogas production has been shown to be inhibited by branched chain fatty acids (isobutyric, isovaleric) produced in the digester
by cellulolytic organisms. Performance of these mixed cellulolytic cultures isolated at 25°C (C25) and at 35° (C35) in a batch digester using cattle manure confirmed that C35, which forms mainly straight chain fatty acids from cellulose was more suitable for use as an inoculum than C25 which formed predominantly branched chain fatty acids. Reconstitution of cellulolytic culture C35 and mixed methanogens M35 almost doubled both the amount and rate of methane production. Cellulolytic culture was useful in pretreatment of water hyacinth
prior to its use as a substrate for methane generation A method for preservation and transportation of mixed cellulolytic
culture for use as an inoculum in the digester is described. 相似文献